* Gunmen attack hours before Putin's state of the nation address
* Ten policemen, 10 suspected militants killed - officials
* Witnesses tell of one civilian casualty (Recasts with more casualties, adds Putin)
GROZNY/MOSCOW, Dec 4 (Reuters) - Gunmen attacked a police post and stormed a building on Thursday in Grozny, capital of Russia's southern province of Chechnya, killing 10 policemen in clashes in which 10 of the attackers were also killed.
The bloodiest fighting in Chechnya for months erupted a few hours before President Vladimir Putin said in a speech in Moscow he would defend Russia against what he called attempts to dismember it.
The attack underlined the fragile security situation in Chechnya more than a decade after Putin sent troops to quell an Islamist separatist uprising there.
Ten policemen and 10 suspected militants were killed, Russia's National Anti-terrorism Committee (NAK) said, adding that another 28 law enforcement personnel had been wounded.
However, Putin praised the Kremlin-backed leader of Chechnya, Ramzan Kadyrov, for carrying out a "professional" security operation.
He said earlier on Thursday during his annual state of the nation speech at the Kremlin that Russia was surrounded by enemies who sought to dismember it and to destroy its economy, adding: "We did not allow it."
NAK said "terrorists" attacked a police post in Grozny around 1:00 a.m. (2200 GMT) and then stormed offices housing local media and a school.
Footage obtained by Reuters showed clashes at night and in the morning that included persistent small arms fighting and what looked like a shoulder-fired missile striking the media building.
The building's workers said one civilian had suffocated to death as fire engulfed the building, though authorities did not confirm the report.
A video posted on YouTube suggested the attackers had entered Grozny in an act of "retaliation" for what it called the oppression of Muslim women.
NAK said on Thursday evening its "anti-terrorist" operation was over and all suspected militants killed.
A Reuters witness in Grozny said security forces had deployed military vehicles in the streets, set up multiple check points in the city and closed off the affected area.
"We didn't expect this to happen, the devils showed their last strength," Chechen leader Kadyrov told reporters in Moscow after attending Putin's speech.
Kadyrov keeps a firm grip on Chechnya after separatist wars there in 1994-96 and 1999-2000, but an Islamist insurgency has spread across the predominantly Muslim North Caucasus region.
In October, five policemen were killed and 12 were injured in Grozny in a suicide bombing attack.
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